08 Oct Common practice for in-text citations for a single author

Common practice for in-text citations for a single author using APA style includes:

 

(author last name, year of publication)

 

(author last name, first initial, year of publication)

 

(author last name, first name, page number)

 

Question 2  In APA format, which one of these statements is not true about the references page:

 

The title of the references page is Bibliography, and should be centered at the top if the page and not in bold font.

 

References should be placed in alphabetical order by author last name.

 

A digital object identifier (DOI) or website for the journal article referenced should be placed at the end of every journal article reference if available.

 

The name of the journal should be italicized and major words should be capitalized.

 

Question 3  A conceptual definition of a variable is

 

defined in the review of literature.

 

also considered to be the intervention.

 

influencing the selection of the sample.

 

the systematic investigation of relationship.

 

Question 4 A nurse planning a research project wants to know more about their sample.

 

Which of the following would be considered a demographic variable?

 

Pain intensity

 

Socioeconomic status

 

Heart rate

 

Oral temperature

 

Question 5 A nurse hypothesizes that the presence of social support from family affects the pain perception of hospitalized patients.What is the dependent variable in this hypothesis?

 

social support

 

hospitalized patients

 

pain perception

 

family members

 

Question 6  Subjects who volunteered to receive an experimental treatment for pancreatic cancer are educated about essential study information, assessed for understanding of this information, and asked to willingly participate in the research study. This process is known as:

 

informed consent

 

coercion

 

institutional review

 

deception

 

Question 7 A questionnaire has an ID number in one corner that allows the research team to identify the subject. This is an example of:

 

right to privacy.

 

confidentiality.

 

deception.

 

informed consent.

 

Question 8 One example of a research population with diminished autonomy

 

(vulnerability) would be:

 

college students.

 

members of a senior citizen center.

 

mentally ill patients.

 

middle-aged women.

 

Question 9 The purpose of an institutional review board (IRB) is to:

 

determine the extent to which human rights will be protected in a study.

 

critique the research methods of a study.

 

determine the appropriate journals for publication of the study.

 

review the costs associated with an institutional study.

 

Question 10 A research hypothesis:

 

predicts the expected results or outcomes of the study

 

defines the theoretical framework for the study

 

is used to determine relationships in a study

 

clarifies the gap in the literature in the study

 

Question 11 Identify the independent variable in the following hypothesis: “Cancer patients who receive music therapy complain less frequently of pain and require less pain medication than cancer patients not receiving music therapy.”

 

Relaxation therapy

 

Complaints of pain

 

Pain medication use

 

Music therapy

 

Question 12 A friend asks you to explain the difference between a conceptual definition and an operational definition of anxiety. You help her to understand these concepts by providing her with the following operational definition of anxiety.

 

An overwhelming feeling of uneasiness

 

A score above 40 on the Anxiety Inventory

 

Discomfort at the highest level

 

A sense of fear

 

Question 13 Nursing students in a research course are learning about problem statements. To be considered researchable, a problem must:

 

include an ethical dimension.

 

deal with patient outcomes rather than social issues.

 

be clearly defined as the gap in knowledge.

 

be a clear, concise statement of the specific goal or focus of the study.

 

Question 14 Which of the following questions is important to ask when determining the significance of the research problem?

 

What will it cost to complete the study?

 

Is there an available pool of subjects?

 

Does the researcher have the necessary expertise?

 

Will the findings influence nursing practice?

 

Question 15 A nurse researcher is planning his purpose statement for his correlational study. He knows it should include the:

 

setting and statistics that will be used.

 

theoretical framework and measuring tools to be used.

 

variables and type of subjects desired for the study.

 

research design and approach for obtaining consent.

 

Question 16 A nursing student is planning to conduct a review of the literature for a research study. One of the main purposes of conducting a review of the literature is to:

 

determine existing knowledge on the topic.

 

help select an optimum sample size.

 

discover an instrument for data collection that has been used many times.

 

give the researcher insight into what data analysis techniques should be used.

 

Question 17 The concept of causality would be important in which of the following

 

research designs?

 

Experimental

 

Phenomenological

 

Descriptive

 

Time dimensional

 

Question 18 Which of the following study designs focuses on finding a cause and effect

 

relationship among variables, but uses a lower level of control?

 

quasi-experimental

 

experimental

 

descriptive

 

phenomenology

 

Question 19 A nurse researcher wants to design a study that looks at the relationship between two variables. She is considering an experimental research design.

 

True

 

False

 

Question 20 A nursing student is reading a study with an experimental research design.Which one of the following is a necessary requirement for experimental designs?

 

Manipulation of the independent variable

 

Attrition

 

Comparison of naturally occurring groups

 

Convenience sample

 

Question 21 Which of the following types of studies is considered a qualitative study?

 

Ethnographic

 

Methodological

 

Comparative

 

Correlational

 

Question 22 If a researcher wants to understand what it is like to undergo chemotherapy from the patient’s perspective of their lived experience, the study design is:

 

phenomenology

 

ethnography

 

quantitative descriptive

 

historical research

 

Question 23 A researcher designs a study as a quantitative descriptive study. Which of the following would NOT typically be part of the research methodology for the study?

 

Finding a representative sample.

 

Describing a causal effect between the variables.

 

Clear conceptual definition of study variables.

 

Using valid and reliable instruments.

 

Question 24 Which of the following would be considered to be a research hypothesis?

 

What was the state of the art of medicine and nursing regarding childhood malnutrition in the late 19th and early 20th century?

 

Study aims were to determine the risk of breast feeding cessation over time.

 

Were there improvements in outcome data in caregivers’ level of heart failure

 

caregiving burden, confidence and preparedness in providing heart failure home care?

 

The participants will decrease tobacco consumption at the end of the intervention compared to baseline.

 

Question 25 A nursing research student is evaluating a research framework that is explicitly started in a research article. All of these statements describe the purpose of a research framework EXCEPT:

 

to guide the development of a study.

 

it is tested within the study.

 

to guide the selection of the inferential statistics.

 

it links the findings of the study back to nursing’s body of knowledge

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