18 Oct Advanced Pharmacology for Care of the Family

Advanced Pharmacology for Care of the Family

I understand the value of doing my own work and learning the skills needed to support my future independent practice as a nurse practitioner. I understand that while there may be opportunities beyond my faculty’s control for me to collaborate or share answers with peers, that it would not benefit my own personal and professional growth to do so. I agree to do my own work and take personal responsibility for my learning.

 

Group of answer choices

 

I do

 

I do not

 

 

 

Flag question: Question 2

 

Question 24 pts

 

Using your textbook, match the antibiotic class to the patient care concern for children/adolescents.

 

Use each option only once by selecting the option that is most true. 

 

Group of answer choices

 

Commonly used to treat bacterial infections, including otitis media and gonococcal and pneumococcal infections.

 

           [ Choose ]             Cephalosporins             Tetracyclines             Penicillins             Aminoglycosides         

 

Common drug used to treat bacterial infections.

 

           [ Choose ]             Cephalosporins             Tetracyclines             Penicillins             Aminoglycosides         

 

Should not be used in children younger than 8 years because they may cause permanent discoloration of the teeth.

 

           [ Choose ]             Cephalosporins             Tetracyclines             Penicillins             Aminoglycosides         

 

Safe for use against bacterial infections but not commonly used in outpatient settings.

 

           [ Choose ]             Cephalosporins             Tetracyclines             Penicillins             Aminoglycosides         

 

 

 

Flag question: Question 3

 

Question 34 pts

 

Match the drug or drug class that is contraindicated for UTI in the patient population group listed.

 

Use each option only once by selecting the option that is most true. 

 

Group of answer choices

 

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

 

           [ Choose ]             Early infancy             Throughout pregnancy             Third trimester of pregnancy & Older adults with decreased renal function         

 

Nitrofurantoin

 

           [ Choose ]             Early infancy             Throughout pregnancy             Third trimester of pregnancy & Older adults with decreased renal function         

 

Fluoroquinolones

 

           [ Choose ]             Early infancy             Throughout pregnancy             Third trimester of pregnancy & Older adults with decreased renal function         

 

 

 

Flag question: Question 4

 

Question 44 pts

 

Match the recommended treatment for UTI according to the assigned textbook for this course.

 

Use each option only once by selecting the option that is most true. 

 

Group of answer choices

 

Ampicillin and gentamycin

 

           [ Choose ]             Breastfeeding women             Children less than 6 years of age             Infants             Children between 6-12 years of age         

 

Methenamine hippurate

 

           [ Choose ]             Breastfeeding women             Children less than 6 years of age             Infants             Children between 6-12 years of age         

 

Methenamine mandelate

 

           [ Choose ]             Breastfeeding women             Children less than 6 years of age             Infants             Children between 6-12 years of age         

 

Short-term Fluoroquinolones

 

           [ Choose ]             Breastfeeding women             Children less than 6 years of age             Infants             Children between 6-12 years of age         

 

 

 

Flag question: Question 5

 

Question 54 pts

 

Which antibiotic class is most likely to be given to someone with otitis media if there are no contraindications? 

 

Group of answer choices

 

Penicillin

 

Cephalosporin

 

Tetracycline

 

Macrolide

 

 

 

Flag question: Question 6

 

Question 64 pts

 

If a patient is taking Bactrim and their creatinine clearance falls below 15 mL/min, what should the provider do?

 

Group of answer choices

 

Have patient continue the medication until it is complete.

 

It depends on how many doses the patient has taken.

 

Stop the drug immediately.

 

List the drug as an allergy and instruct the patient to stop taking it immediately.

 

 

 

Flag question: Question 7

 

Question 74 pts

 

Which patients should penicillins be used with extreme caution?

 

Group of answer choices

 

Patients with renal impairment, preexisting hearing impairment, and those receiving ototoxic and nephrotoxic drugs.

 

Patients with a history of severe allergic reactions to cephalosporins, or carbapenems.

 

Patients with QT prolongation.

 

Patients using valproate to control seizures.

 

 

 

Flag question: Question 8

 

Question 84 pts

 

Using your textbook, match the antibiotic class to the patient care concern for pregnant persons.

 

Use each option only once by selecting the option that is most true. 

 

Group of answer choices

 

All appear to be safe for use in pregnancy

 

           [ Choose ]             Penicillins             Sulfonamides             Cephalosporins             Tetracyclines             Aminoglycosides         

 

Although there are no well-controlled studies in pregnant women, evidence we do have suggests there is no second or third trimester fetal risk.

 

           [ Choose ]             Penicillins             Sulfonamides             Cephalosporins             Tetracyclines             Aminoglycosides         

 

Animal studies reveal that these drugs can cause fetal harm in pregnancy. Thus this class of drugs should be avoided in during pregnancy.

 

           [ Choose ]             Penicillins             Sulfonamides             Cephalosporins             Tetracyclines             Aminoglycosides         

 

There is evidence that use of this drug class in pregnancy can harm the fetus so they should not be used.

 

           [ Choose ]             Penicillins             Sulfonamides             Cephalosporins             Tetracyclines             Aminoglycosides         

 

Systemic drugs in this class may cause birth defects, especially if taken during the first semester. If taken near term, the infant may develop kernicterus.

 

           [ Choose ]             Penicillins             Sulfonamides             Cephalosporins             Tetracyclines             Aminoglycosides         

 

 

 

Flag question: Question 9

 

Question 94 pts

 

In patients with a creatinine clearance of 15-30 mL/min taking Bactrim, how should the dosing be adjusted?

 

Group of answer choices

 

Reduced by 50%

 

Reduced by 25%

 

Increased by 50%

 

Increased by 25%

 

 

 

Flag question: Question 10

 

Question 104 pts

 

Which antibiotic classes should have a culture and sensitivity prior to prescribing and which ones do not according to your textbook?

 

Group of answer choices

 

Culture

 

           [ Choose ]             Penicillins, Carbapenems, Vancomycin, Cephalosporins, Aminoglycosides             Tetracyclines, Macrolides         

 

Not indicated

 

           [ Choose ]             Penicillins, Carbapenems, Vancomycin, Cephalosporins, Aminoglycosides             Tetracyclines, Macrolides         

 

 

 

Flag question: Question 11

 

Question 114 pts

 

Match the drug class to the needed patient education.

 

Use each option only once by selecting the option that is most true. 

 

Group of answer choices

 

Instruct patients to report increase in stool frequency.

 

           [ Choose ]             Cephalosporins             Macrolides             Tetracyclines             Aminoglycosides         

 

Advise patients to avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight

 

           [ Choose ]             Cephalosporins             Macrolides             Tetracyclines             Aminoglycosides         

 

Patients should be instructed that GI disturbances can be reduced by administering with meals.

 

           [ Choose ]             Cephalosporins             Macrolides             Tetracyclines             Aminoglycosides         

 

Patients must be instructed to report symptoms of ototoxicity.

 

           [ Choose ]             Cephalosporins             Macrolides             Tetracyclines             Aminoglycosides         

 

 

 

Flag question: Question 12

 

Question 124 pts

 

Acute otitis externa presents with what symptoms that differentiates it from otitis media to determine diagnosis and treatment?

 

Group of answer choices

 

Rapid-onset ear pain that include pruritis.

 

Tenderness associated with manipulation of the external ear.

 

Edema or erythema of the external auditory canal.

 

No tenderness associated with manipulation of the external ear.

 

 

 

Flag question: Question 13

 

Question 134 pts

 

What baseline data is needed to prescribe trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole? (Select all that apply)

 

Group of answer choices

 

Establish an infection appropriate for this drug class exists

 

Complete blood count with white cell differential for prolonged therapy

 

Hepatic function if there is concern in may be compromised

 

Renal function if there is concern in may be compromised

 

 

 

Flag question: Question 14

 

Question 144 pts

 

Locate the Prescribers’ Digital Reference website (pdr.net) to answer this question. A patient is prescribed Amoxicillin for an infection. They have a creatinine clearance of 24mL/min. What dose of amoxicillin should they be prescribed?

 

Group of answer choices

 

no dosage adjustment needed

 

250-500mg PO every 12 hours

 

250-500 mg PO every 24 hours

 

875 mg Extended Release PO every 24 hours

 

 

 

Flag question: Question 15

 

Question 154 pts

 

Match the antibiotic class to the needed monitoring associated with that class.

 

Use each option only once by selecting the option that is most true. 

 

Group of answer choices

 

Renal function in patients with renal disease

 

           [ Choose ]             Penicillins             Aminoglycosides             Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole             Vancomycin         

 

Drug levels should be monitored during IV administration.

 

           [ Choose ]             Penicillins             Aminoglycosides             Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole             Vancomycin         

 

Peaks and troughs as well as renal function

 

           [ Choose ]             Penicillins             Aminoglycosides             Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole             Vancomycin         

 

CBC in patients with symptoms of blood disorders, CD4+ counts in patients with HIV and potassium 4 days after starting treatment in patients with possible hyperkalemia

 

           [ Choose ]             Penicillins             Aminoglycosides             Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole             Vancomycin         

 

 

 

Flag question: Question 16

 

Question 164 pts

 

Which antibiotic drug class listed is known for all drugs within the class promoting the developments of a Clostridioidies difficile infection?

 

Group of answer choices

 

Tetracycline

 

Macrolide

 

Aminoglycoside

 

Cephalosporin

 

 

 

Flag question: Question 17

 

Question 174 pts

 

Match the penicillin drug to the penicillin class.

 

Use each option only once by selecting the option that is most true. 

 

Group of answer choices

 

Penicillin G

 

           [ Choose ]             Narrow-spectrum penicillins: penicillinase sensitive             Extended-spectrum penicillin (antipseudomonal penicillin)             Broad-spectrum penicillins (aminopenicillins)             Narrow-spectrum penicillins: penicillinase resistant (antistaphylococcal penicillins)         

 

Penicillin V

 

           [ Choose ]             Narrow-spectrum penicillins: penicillinase sensitive             Extended-spectrum penicillin (antipseudomonal penicillin)             Broad-spectrum penicillins (aminopenicillins)             Narrow-spectrum penicillins: penicillinase resistant (antistaphylococcal penicillins)         

 

Nafcillin

 

           [ Choose ]             Narrow-spectrum penicillins: penicillinase sensitive             Extended-spectrum penicillin (antipseudomonal penicillin)             Broad-spectrum penicillins (aminopenicillins)             Narrow-spectrum penicillins: penicillinase resistant (antistaphylococcal penicillins)         

 

Oxacillin

 

           [ Choose ]             Narrow-spectrum penicillins: penicillinase sensitive             Extended-spectrum penicillin (antipseudomonal penicillin)             Broad-spectrum penicillins (aminopenicillins)             Narrow-spectrum penicillins: penicillinase resistant (antistaphylococcal penicillins)         

 

Dicloxacillin

 

           [ Choose ]             Narrow-spectrum penicillins: penicillinase sensitive             Extended-spectrum penicillin (antipseudomonal penicillin)             Broad-spectrum penicillins (aminopenicillins)             Narrow-spectrum penicillins: penicillinase resistant (antistaphylococcal penicillins)         

 

Ampicillin

 

           [ Choose ]             Narrow-spectrum penicillins: penicillinase sensitive             Extended-spectrum penicillin (antipseudomonal penicillin)             Broad-spectrum penicillins (aminopenicillins)             Narrow-spectrum penicillins: penicillinase resistant (antistaphylococcal penicillins)         

 

Amoxicillin

 

           [ Choose ]             Narrow-spectrum penicillins: penicillinase sensitive             Extended-spectrum penicillin (antipseudomonal penicillin)             Broad-spectrum penicillins (aminopenicillins)             Narrow-spectrum penicillins: penicillinase resistant (antistaphylococcal penicillins)         

 

Piperacillin

 

           [ Choose ]             Narrow-spectrum penicillins: penicillinase sensitive             Extended-spectrum penicillin (antipseudomonal penicillin)             Broad-spectrum penicillins (aminopenicillins)             Narrow-spectrum penicillins: penicillinase resistant (antistaphylococcal penicillins)         

 

 

 

Flag question: Question 18

 

Question 184 pts

 

Which patients being treated with a penicillin are at high risk for toxicity? (Select all that apply)

 

Group of answer choices

 

renal impaired

 

acutely ill

 

very young

 

very old

 

active hepatitis

 

 

 

Flag question: Question 19

 

Question 194 pts

 

Using your textbook, match the antibiotic class to the patient care concern for breastfeeding patients.

 

Use each option only once by selecting the option that is most true. 

 

Group of answer choices

 

Generally not expected to cause adverse effects in breastfed infants

 

           [ Choose ]             Penicillin             Sulfonamides             Amoxicillin             Cephalosporins             Gentamycin             Tetracyclines         

 

Safe for use in breastfeeding mothers.

 

           [ Choose ]             Penicillin             Sulfonamides             Amoxicillin             Cephalosporins             Gentamycin             Tetracyclines         

 

Data are lacking regarding transmission of some drugs in this class from mother to infant through breast milk.

 

           [ Choose ]             Penicillin             Sulfonamides             Amoxicillin             Cephalosporins             Gentamycin             Tetracyclines         

 

Should be avoided by breastfeeding women due to possible staining of teeth in breast fed infant.

 

           [ Choose ]             Penicillin             Sulfonamides             Amoxicillin             Cephalosporins             Gentamycin             Tetracyclines         

 

Secreted in breast milk. Breastfeeding women on these drugs should be warned that breastfeeding an infant younger than 2 months can cause kernicterus.

 

           [ Choose ]             Penicillin             Sulfonamides             Amoxicillin             Cephalosporins             Gentamycin             Tetracyclines         

 

Probably safe to use during lactation. There is limited information regarding its use in this way.

 

           [ Choose ]             Penicillin             Sulfonamides             Amoxicillin             Cephalosporins             Gentamycin             Tetracyclines         

 

 

 

Flag question: Question 20

 

Question 204 pts

 

Match the antibiotic class to the associated high-risk patient.

 

Use each option only once by selecting the option that is most true. 

 

Group of answer choices

 

Patients using valproate to control seizures should not be placed on imipenem.

 

           [ Choose ]             Vancomycin             Carbapenems             Aminoglycosides             Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole             Cephalosporins             Macrolides             Tetracyclines         

 

Use with caution in patients with renal impairment.

 

           [ Choose ]             Vancomycin             Carbapenems             Aminoglycosides             Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole             Cephalosporins             Macrolides             Tetracyclines         

 

Contraindicated for patients with a history of allergic reactions to this drug class or severe reactions to penicillin.

 

           [ Choose ]             Vancomycin             Carbapenems             Aminoglycosides             Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole             Cephalosporins             Macrolides             Tetracyclines         

 

Contraindicated in pregnant women and in children younger than 8 years.

 

           [ Choose ]             Vancomycin             Carbapenems             Aminoglycosides             Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole             Cephalosporins             Macrolides             Tetracyclines         

 

Use with caution in patients with QT prolongation.

 

           [ Choose ]             Vancomycin             Carbapenems             Aminoglycosides             Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole             Cephalosporins             Macrolides             Tetracyclines         

 

Used with caution in patients with renal impairment, preexisting hearing impairment, and those receiving ototoxic and nephrotoxic drugs.

 

           [ Choose ]             Vancomycin             Carbapenems             Aminoglycosides             Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole             Cephalosporins             Macrolides             Tetracyclines         

 

Contraindicated for nursing mothers, pregnant women in the first trimester and also those near term, and infants younger than 2 months.

 

           [ Choose ]             Vancomycin             Carbapenems             Aminoglycosides             Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole             Cephalosporins             Macrolides             Tetracyclines         

 

 

 

Flag question: Question 21

 

Question 214 pts

 

Using your textbook, match the antibiotic class to the patient care concern for infants.

 

Use each option only once by selecting the option that is most true. 

 

Group of answer choices

 

Third-generation drugs are used to treat bacterial infections in neonates as well as infants.

 

           [ Choose ]             Cephalosporins             Sulfonamides             Penicillins             Aminoglycosides         

 

Used safely in infants with bacterial infections, including syphilis, meningitis, and group A streptococcus.

 

           [ Choose ]             Cephalosporins             Sulfonamides             Penicillins             Aminoglycosides         

 

Approved to treat bacterial infections in infants younger than 8 days. Dosing is based on weight and length of gestation.

 

           [ Choose ]             Cephalosporins             Sulfonamides             Penicillins             Aminoglycosides         

 

Used in infants younger than 2 months can cause kernicterus, a potentially fatal condition.

 

           [ Choose ]             Cephalosporins             Sulfonamides             Penicillins             Aminoglycosides         

 

 

 

Flag question: Question 22

 

Question 224 pts

 

Trimethoprim should be avoided in patients with which deficiency?

 

Group of answer choices

 

Vitamin C

 

Vitamin A

 

Folate

 

Iodine

 

 

 

Flag question: Question 23

 

Question 234 pts

 

Using your textbook, match the antibiotic class to the therapeutic goal.

 

Use each option only once by selecting the option that is most true. 

 

Group of answer choices

 

Treatment of serious infections, including C. diff. infection, infection with methicillin-resistant S. aureus, and serious infections caused by susceptible organisms in patients allergic to penicillin.

 

           [ Choose ]             Aminoglycosides             Vancomycin             Tetracyclines             Macrolides         

 

Treatment of infections sensitive to this class, acne, and periodontal disease.

 

           [ Choose ]             Aminoglycosides             Vancomycin             Tetracyclines             Macrolides         

 

Treatment of respiratory infections, infections caused by H. pylori, disseminated Mycobacterium, and as alternatives to penicillin in patients with penicillin allergy.

 

           [ Choose ]             Aminoglycosides             Vancomycin             Tetracyclines             Macrolides         

 

Treatment of serious infections caused by gram-negative aerobic bacilli.

 

           [ Choose ]             Aminoglycosides             Vancomycin             Tetracyclines             Macrolides         

 

 

 

Flag question: Question 24

 

Question 244 pts

 

Using your book and other resources you have available, match the antibiotic class to the prototype drug provided here.

 

Group of answer choices

 

Penicillin G

 

           [ Choose ]             Cephalosporins             Aminoglycosides             Macrolides             Carbapenems             Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole             Tetracyclines             Penicillin         

 

Cephalexin

 

           [ Choose ]             Cephalosporins             Aminoglycosides             Macrolides             Carbapenems             Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole             Tetracyclines             Penicillin         

 

Imipenem

 

           [ Choose ]             Cephalosporins             Aminoglycosides             Macrolides             Carbapenems             Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole             Tetracyclines             Penicillin         

 

Doxycycline

 

           [ Choose ]             Cephalosporins             Aminoglycosides             Macrolides             Carbapenems             Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole             Tetracyclines             Penicillin         

 

Erythromycin

 

           [ Choose ]             Cephalosporins             Aminoglycosides             Macrolides             Carbapenems             Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole             Tetracyclines             Penicillin         

 

Gentamicin

 

           [ Choose ]             Cephalosporins             Aminoglycosides             Macrolides             Carbapenems             Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole             Tetracyclines             Penicillin         

 

Bactrim

 

           [ Choose ]             Cephalosporins             Aminoglycosides             Macrolides             Carbapenems             Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole             Tetracyclines             Penicillin         

 

 

 

Flag question: Question 25

 

Question 254 pts

 

What is the likely causative agent for acute otitis media?

 

Group of answer choices

 

Staphylococcus Aureus

 

Pseudomonas

 

Streptococcus pneumoniae

 

Streptococcus pyogenes

 

 

 

Flag question: Question 26

 

Question 264 pts

 

Using your textbook, match the antibiotic class to the patient care concern for older adults.

 

Use each option only once by selecting the option that is most true.

 

Group of answer choices

 

Doses should be adjusted in older adults with renal dysfunction.

 

           [ Choose ]             Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim             Tetracyclines             Aminoglycosides             Penicillins         

 

Can interact with drugs, including digoxin. In the older adult who takes many medications, check for interactions.

 

           [ Choose ]             Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim             Tetracyclines             Aminoglycosides             Penicillins         

 

Caution must be used regarding decreased renal function in the older adult.

 

           [ Choose ]             Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim             Tetracyclines             Aminoglycosides             Penicillins         

 

Older patients are more likely to experience adverse effects, and when experienced, the effects are more likely to be severe. Life-threatening effects-including neutropenia, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis-occur more frequently in older adults.

 

           [ Choose ]             Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim             Tetracyclines             Aminoglycosides             Penicillins         

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