21 Aug Explain how the lymphatic system takes part in the absorption of nutrients and how those nutrients are made available to be absorbed

1. For life to exist it must have the ability to create energy. For animals this energy is in the form of ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate). We have the ability to create ATP from three sources. Which of these sources is the preferred source of cellular energy?

A. Glucose

B. Protein

C. Lipids

D. All of the above

1. Please associate the source of energy production with the major by-product created for each source below. What is the main organ used to remove or neutralize these by-products? (Short answer)

a. Protein

b. Glucose

c. Lipids

1. Explain the process and give an example of each form of cellular transport. (Short answer)

a. Passive Diffusion

b. Active Transport

c. Facilitated Diffusion

1. From the image below identify each valve (A, B, C, and D) and the associated artery it feeds into (if applicable). (Short answer)

1. Part I: As we auscultate the heart it is imperative, we understand what part of the heart we are listening to.

Which letter below corresponds to which valve?

A –

B –

C –

D –

1. The knee is most likely the most unstable joint in the human body. It is designed to move in a single plane while absorbing the dynamic stresses of both impact and twisting. These stresses require the knee to be stabilized with very durable connective tissues.

Which of these structures is commonly injured when an individual does a sudden stop and rotation movement during an athletic event? Multiple choice

 

A

B

C

D

1. Identify each structure (A, B, C, D.) What type of tissue is each made of? Where is each located (using anatomical terminology.) What is the function of each in the knee joint? (Short answer)

1. Many of you are young and cool and want to express your individuality by getting some ink, just like everyone else. We have never lived in an era with so much tattooing around us. This makes me curious, what does a tattoo look like under a microscope? (Multiple choice)

As you can see in this section of skin there is both red ink and black ink interspersed throughout the skin.

What layer of the skin is the ink deposited into?

 

Epidermis

Dermis

Hypodermis

Subcutaneous

1. Examine this X-ray of an individual suffering from a right arm injury. What bone is fractured?

1. is this an adult or a child? How do you know? Please state two reasons using proper anatomical terminology. (Short answer)

1. Why, when a tattoo is healing, does the scabbing have color in it? Why is it permanent? What happens when you have what is termed a tattoo blowout? (Short answer)

1. During childbirth many women will receive an epidural.

Where will this epidural be placed? (Exact nerve root #) & Using your knowledge of anatomy please explain why an epidural is placed here.(Short answer)

1. If an injury to the ankle is from a puncture wound and there is swelling due to infection, what is the bodies method for cleaning the fluid? (Short answer)

1. An individual is participating in a mixed martial arts tournament and takes a severe blow (a kick to the head) to his temporal region on the left side of the head. He is knocked down and unstable for a moment. It is time for a quick neuro exam. Individual states he feels dizzy and has some ringing is his ears. What cranial nerve may have been injured? (Short answer)

1. During a neuro exam the eyes give us a tremendous amount of information about how well the brain is functioning.

Please list the cranial nerves associated with the eyes and a sign that nerve has been compromised. List the number, name of cranial nerve and sign of a lesion. (Short answer)

1. If you are blowing out birthday candles a deep breath is required, then a strong exhale. In this exhale there will be some CO2.

Please trace a molecule of CO2 from the pulmonary capillary bed to the candles. What structures does it go through? (Short answer)

1. In what quadrant is each structure below located? What organs empty into each? What part of intestine does each go to? (Short answer)

-Stomach

-Liver

-Pancreas

-Jejunum

1. Where are the kidneys located? (Short answer)

How is urine transported out of the body? Start with where nephron ends.

1. Where does progesterone come from and what maintains the production of progesterone? (Short answer)

1.  

what are the structures of the diaphragm and what do they do? (Short answer)

A

B

C

1. Suns out – guns out.

In order to properly display the hard work you put in at the gym you need to understand flexion of the biceps.

What muscles flex the elbow? (Select all that apply.) multiple choice

A. Biceps Brachii

B. Coracobrachialis

C. Brachioradialis

D. Brachialis

1. Using anatomical terminology please explain why a doctor will perform a digital rectal exam if prostate cancer is an issue? What vessels come together at the prostate? (Short answer)

1.  

During this movement which muscle is the antagonist?

Please tell me what bone the belly of these muscles are located on, what bones are proximal and medial to this bone?(Short answer)

1. The lymphatic system drains in a very peculiar way. What areas of the body drain into the right thoracic duct? (Select all that apply.)

 

left leg

right leg

torso left side

torso right side

left arm

right arm

left side of head

right side of head

1. The lymphatic system is somewhat underrated. Explain how the lymphatic system takes part in the absorption of nutrients and how those nutrients are made available to be absorbed. Your explanation must include digestive juices, and how it gets to the blood stream. (Short answer)

1. In what portion of the nephron is blood pressure increased to in order to collect filtrate? (Multiple choice)

 

A. Bowmans Capsule

B.Proximal Convoluted Tubule

C.Loop of Henley

D.Distal Convoluted Tubule

E.Collecting ducts

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