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Political Parties and Independents

For this assignment go to five news outlets. Make sure they vary. An example: CBS (liberal),

FOX (conservative), and USA (moderate). Then read this document and write two pages

about where you align and why. Remember, no one is wrong, we are all free to make up our

own minds about candidates and where we align. It is our constitutional right. This is a lesson

on epistemic cognition.

Write a two-page paper on where you stand and why. (APA format, no abstract, citations,

and references).

Liberal Conservative Independent Believe in government action to achieve equal opportunity and equality for all. It is the duty of the government to alleviate social ills and to protect civil liberties and individual and human rights. Believe the role of the government should be to guarantee that no one is in need. Liberal policies generally emphasize the need for the government to solve problems.

Believe in personal responsibility, limited government, free markets, individual liberty, traditional American values and a strong national defense. Believe the role of government should be to provide people the freedom necessary to pursue their own goals. Conservative policies generally emphasize the empowerment of the individual to solve problems.

Independents have mixed views of which party can do better on major issues – but are distrustful of both. When asked why they are independents, fully 64% cite as a major reason that “both parties care more about special interests than about average Americans.” And 53% point to a lack of trust in either party as a major reason they think of themselves as independent in politics. Independents today are clearly more conservative than they were four years ago, particularly with respect to the role of government. Not only do more describe themselves as conservative, but more support smaller government, and there is more distrust and anger toward government generally.

A woman has the right to decide what happens with her body. A fetus is not a human life, so it does not have separate individual rights. The government should provide taxpayer-funded abortions for

Human life begins at conception. Abortion is the murder of a human being. An unborn baby, as a living human being, has separate rights from those of the mother.

Independents believe that late-term abortions are wrong, and tax-funded abortions are wrong. They do believe in the morning after drug, and preventative steps before conception.

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women who cannot afford them. The decision to have an abortion is a personal choice of a woman regarding her own body and the government must protect this right. Women have the right to affordable, safe, and legal abortions, including partial birth abortion.

Oppose taxpayer-funded abortion. Taxpayer dollars should not be used by the government to provide abortions. Support legislation to prohibit partial birth abortions called the “Partial Birth Abortion. *Partial Birth

Abortion: the killing of an unborn baby of at least 20 weeks by pulling it out of the birth canal with forceps, but leaving the head inside. An incision is made in the back of the baby’s neck and the brain tissue is suctioned out. The head is then removed from the uterus.)

Due to prevalent racism in the past, minorities were deprived of the same education and employment opportunities as whites. The government must work to make up for that. America is still a racist society; therefore, a federal affirmative action law is necessary. Due to unequal opportunity, minorities still lag behind whites in all statistical measurements of success.

Individuals should be

admitted to schools and hired

for jobs based on their

ability.

It is unfair to use race as a

factor in the selection

process. Reverse

discrimination is not a

solution to racism.

Some individuals in society

are racist, but American

society as a whole is

not. Preferential treatment of

certain races through

affirmative action is wrong.

We as a society should be past this, and it is the media and political figures that keep this issue alive. Big government is not the way to solve these issues.

The death penalty should be abolished. It is inhumane and is a ‘cruel and unusual punishment. Imprisonment is the appropriate punishment for murder. Every execution risk kills an innocent person.

The death penalty is a

punishment that fits the crime

of murder; it is neither ‘cruel’

nor ‘unusual.’ Executing a

murderer is the appropriate

punishment for taking an

innocent life.

Case by case, but the system is broken and needs to be fixed.

A market system in which government regulates the economy is best. Government must protect citizens from the greed of big business. Unlike the private sector, the government is motivated by public interest. Government regulation in all areas of the

The free market system, competitive capitalism, and private enterprise create the greatest opportunity and the highest standard of living for all. Free markets produce more economic growth, more jobs, and higher standards of living than those systems burdened by

If we follow the free market system then we would not have monopolies and corruption. Special interest is the cause of our economic issues. We are a mixed economy now. Regulation is not being done or effective because of special interest.

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economy is needed to level the playing field.

excessive government regulation.

Public schools are the best way to educate students. Vouchers take money away from public schools. Government should focus additional funds on existing public schools, raising teacher salaries, and reducing class size.

School vouchers create

competition and therefore

encourage schools to improve

performance. Vouchers will

give all parents the right to

choose good schools for their

children, not just those who

can afford private schools.

Support Charter Schools, and reform the public-school system. Against the Common Core, teachers’ unions, and want more accountability in all areas of education. Want interest rate reduced and compound interest eliminated for college loans.

Support the use of embryonic stem cells for research. It is necessary (and ethical) for the government to fund embryonic stem cell research, which will assist scientists in finding treatments and cures for diseases. An embryo is not a human. The tiny blastocyst (embryos used in embryonic stem cell research) has no human features. Experimenting on embryos/embryonic stem cells is not murder. Embryonic stem cells have the potential to cure chronic and degenerative diseases which current medicine has been unable to effectively treat. Embryonic stem cells have been shown to be effective in treating heart damage in mice.

Support the use of adult and umbilical cord stem cells only for research. It is morally and ethically wrong for the government to fund embryonic stem cell research. Human life begins at conception. The extraction of stem cells from an embryo requires its destruction. In other words, it requires that a human life be killed. Adult stem cells have already been used to treat spinal cord injuries, Leukemia, and even Parkinson’s disease. Adult stem cells are derived from umbilical cords, placentas, amniotic fluid, various tissues and organ systems like skin and the liver, and even fat obtained from liposuction. Embryonic stem cells have not been successfully used to help cure disease.

Keep the process that does no harm, and do not use embryonic stem cells.

Oil is a depleting resource. Other sources of energy must be explored. The government must produce a national plan for all energy resources and subsidize (partially pay for) alternative energy research and production. Support increased exploration of alternative energy sources such as wind and

Oil, gas, and coal are all good

sources of energy and are

abundant in the U.S. Oil

drilling should be increased

both on land and at

sea. Increased domestic

production creates lower

prices and less dependence on

other countries for

oil. Support increased

Fund and give tax breaks for new sources of energy. New sources would be free energy systems. Eliminate the special interest of both parties. They see that both parties are controlled by special interests.

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solar power. Support government control of gas and electric industries.

production of nuclear

energy. Wind and solar

sources will never provide

plentiful, affordable sources

of power. Support private

ownership of gas and electric

industries.

Euthanasia should be legalized. A person has a right to die with dignity, by his own choice. A terminally ill person should have the right to choose to end pain and suffering. It is wrong for the government to take away the means for a terminally ill person to hasten his death. It is wrong to force a person to go through so much pain and suffering. Legalizing euthanasia would not lead to doctor-assisted suicides of non- critical patients. Permitting euthanasia would reduce health care costs, which would then make funds available for those who could truly benefit from medical care.

Neither euthanasia nor

physician-assisted suicide

should be legalized. It is

immoral and unethical to

deliberately end the life of a

terminally ill person

(euthanasia), or enable

another person to end their

own life (assisted

suicide). The goal should be

compassionate care and

easing the suffering of

terminally ill

people. Legalizing euthanasia

could lead to doctor-assisted

suicides of non-critical

patients. If euthanasia were

legalized, insurance

companies could pressure

doctors to withhold life-

saving treatment for dying

patients. Many religions

prohibit suicide and

euthanasia. These practices

devalue human life.

Individual’s right to choose.

Global warming is caused by the increased production of carbon dioxide through the burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas). The U.S. is a major contributor to global warming because it produces 25% of the world’s carbon dioxide. Proposed laws to reduce carbon emissions in the U.S. are urgently needed and should be enacted immediately to save the planet.

Change in global temperature is natural over long periods of time. Science has not shown that humans can affect permanent changes in the earth’s temperature. Proposed laws to reduce carbon emissions will do nothing to help the environment and will cause significant price increases for all.

Climate change is real, some of it is natural and some man-made. See that this is a serious issue. Taking care of the planet is critical for our future.

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The Second Amendment does not give citizens the right to keep and bear arms, but only allows for the state to keep a militia (National Guard). Individuals do not need guns for protection; it is the role of the local and federal governments to protect the people through law enforcement agencies and the military. Additional gun control laws are necessary to stop gun violence and limit the ability of criminals to obtain guns. More guns mean more violence.

The Second Amendment gives citizens the right to keep and bear arms. Individuals have the right to defend themselves. There are too many guns control laws – additional laws will not lower gun crime rates. What is needed is the enforcement of current laws. Gun control laws do not prevent criminals from obtaining guns. More guns in the hands of law-abiding citizens mean less crime.

Believe in the Second Amendment and the right to bear arms, but believe that background checks should be longer and more thorough. Eliminate the ability to purchase guns directly at gun shows until background checks are completed.

Support free or low-cost government-controlled health care. There are millions of Americans who can’t afford health care and are deprived of this basic right. Every American has a right to affordable health care. The government should provide equal health care benefits for all, regardless of their ability to pay.

Support competitive, free market health care system. All Americans have access to health care. The debate is about who should pay for it. Free and low- cost government-run programs (socialized medicine) result in higher costs and everyone receiving the same poor-quality health care. Health care should remain privatized. The problem of uninsured individuals should be addressed and solved within the free market healthcare system – the government should not control healthcare.

Believe in the health care system for all. They believe the current Health Care Law is not what we need, and is corrupt. Like the tax code, both need to be simplified and drastically changed.

Airport security – Passenger profiling is wrong, period. The selection of passengers for extra security screening should be random. Using other criteria (such as ethnicity) is discriminatory and offensive to Arabs and Muslims, who are generally innocent and law- abiding. Terrorists don’t fit a profile.

Airport security – Choosing passengers randomly for extra security searches is not effective. Rather, profiling and intelligence data should be used to single out passengers for extra screening. Those who do not meet the criteria for suspicion should not be subjected to intense screening. The terrorists currently posing a threat to the U.S. are primarily Islamic/Muslim men between the ages of 18 and 38. Our resources should be focused on

They side with the Republicans on this.

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this group. Profiling is good logical police work.

Support legal immigration. Support amnesty for those who enter the U.S. illegally (undocumented immigrants). Also believe that undocumented immigrants have a right to: — all educational and health benefits that citizens receive (financial aid, welfare, social security, and Medicaid), regardless of legal status. — the same rights as American citizens. It is unfair to arrest millions of undocumented immigrants.

Support legal immigration only. Oppose amnesty for those who enter the U.S. illegally (illegal immigrants). Those who break the law by entering the U.S. illegally do not have the same rights as those who obey the law and enter legally. The borders should be secured before addressing the problem of the illegal immigrants currently in the country. The Federal Government should secure the borders and enforce current immigration laws.

Support legal immigration. For illegals living in the US and are in the military, then citizenship should be granted. If they pay taxes and own property, then work getting through the system to become nationalized.

Government has the right to use eminent domain (seizure of private property by the government–with compensation to the owner) to accomplish a public end.

Respect ownership and private property rights. Eminent domain (seizure of private property by the government– with compensation to the owner) in most cases is wrong. Eminent domain should not be used for private development.

Respect ownership of private property rights. Agree with Republicans.

Support the separation of church and state. The Bill of Rights implies a separation of church and state. Religious expression has no place in government. The two should be completely separate. Government should not support religious expression in any way. All reference to God in public and government spaces should be removed (e.g., the Ten Commandments should not be displayed in Federal buildings). Religious expression has no place in government.

The phrase “separation of

church and state” is not in the

Constitution. The First

Amendment to the

Constitution states “Congress

shall make no law respecting

an establishment of religion,

or prohibiting the free

exercise thereof…” This

prevents the government from

establishing a national

church/denomination.

However, it does not prohibit

God from being

acknowledged in schools and

government

buildings. Symbols of

Christian heritage should not

be removed from public and

government spaces (e.g., the

The pledge of Allegiance should be in school. Individual right to choose, not the government to decide on prayer.

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Ten Commandments should

continue to be displayed in

Federal

buildings). Government

should not interfere with

religion and religious

freedom.

Marriage is the union of people who love each other. It should be legal for gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender individuals, to ensure equal rights for all. Support same-sex marriage. Opposed to the creation of a constitutional amendment establishing marriage as the union of one man and one woman. All individuals, regardless of their sexual orientation, have the right to marry. Prohibiting same-sex citizens from marrying denies them their civil rights. [Opinions vary on whether this issue is equal to civil rights for African Americans.]

Marriage is the union of one man and one woman. Oppose same-sex marriage. Support Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA), passed in 1996, affirms the right of states not to recognize same-sex marriages licensed in other states. Requiring citizens to sanction same-sex relationships violates moral and religious beliefs of millions of Christians, Jews, Muslims and others, who believe marriage is the union of one man and one woman.

They agree with liberals on this issue. Citizens have the right to choose who they marry.

The Social Security system should be protected at all costs. Reduction in future benefits is not a reasonable option. [Opinions vary on the extent of the current system’s financial stability.] Social Security provides a safety net for the nation’s poor and needy. Changing the system would cause a reduction in benefits and many people would suffer as a result.

The Social Security system is in serious financial trouble. Major changes to the current system are urgently needed. In its current state, the Social Security system is not financially sustainable. It will collapse if nothing is done to address the problems. Many will suffer as a result. Social Security must be made more efficient through privatization and/or allowing individuals to manage their own savings.

The Social Security should be protected and do not believe it is at risk. If put at risk it was bad decisions of government.

Higher taxes (primarily for the wealthy) and a larger government are necessary to address inequity/injustice in society (government should help the poor and needy using tax

Lower taxes and a smaller government with limited power will improve the standard of living for all. Support lower taxes and a smaller government. Lower taxes

Comprise of both parties’ views. The preservation of the middle class the highest priority. To bring the wealth of the middle class back to where it was 20 years ago.

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dollars from the rich). Support a large government to provide for the needs of the people and create equality. Taxes enable the government to create jobs and provide welfare programs for those in need. Government programs are a caring way to provide for the poor and needy in society.

create more incentive for people to work, save, invest, and engage in entrepreneurial endeavors. Money is best spent by those who earn it, not the government. Government programs encourage people to become dependent and lazy, rather than encouraging work and independence.

The UN promotes peace and human rights. The United States has a moral and a legal obligation to support the United Nations (UN). The U.S. should not act as a sovereign nation, but as one member of a world community. The U.S. should submit its national interests to the greater good of the global community (as defined by the UN). The U.S. should defer to the UN in military/peacekeeping matters. The United Nations Charter gives the United Nations Security Council the power and responsibility to take collective action to maintain international peace and security. U.S. troops should submit to UN command.

The UN has repeatedly failed in its essential mission to promote world peace and human rights. The wars, genocide and human rights abuses taking place in many Human Rights Council member states (and the UN’s failure to stop them) prove this point. History shows that the United States, not the UN, is the global force for spreading freedom, prosperity, tolerance and peace. The U.S. should never subvert its national interests to those of the UN. The U.S. should never place troops under UN control. U.S. military should always wear the U.S. military uniform, not that of UN peacekeepers. [Opinions vary on whether the U.S. should withdraw from the UN.]

The UN is broken and do not want the US to fund it. Wants to cut funding to foreign government, especially those who speak against us.

Global warming, not terrorism, poses the greatest threat to the U.S., according to Democrats in Congress. Terrorism is a result of arrogant U.S. foreign policy. Good diplomacy is the best way to deal with terrorism. Relying on military force to defeat terrorism creates hatred that leads to more terrorism. Captured terrorists should be handled by law enforcement and tried in civilian courts.

Terrorism poses one of the greatest threats to the U.S. The world toward which the militant Islamists strive cannot peacefully co-exist with the Western world. In the last decade, militant Islamists have repeatedly attacked Americans and American interests here and abroad. Terrorists must be stopped and destroyed. The use of intelligence-gathering and military force are the best ways to defeat terrorism around the world. Captured terrorists should be treated as enemy

Both issues are a threat equally. Our government has failed us concerning both issues.

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combatants and tried in military courts.

Support welfare, including long- term welfare. Welfare is a safety net which provides for the needs of the poor. Welfare is necessary to bring fairness to American economic life. It is a device for protecting the poor.

Oppose long-term welfare. Opportunities should be provided to make it possible for those in need to become self-reliant. It is far more compassionate and effective to encourage people to become self-reliant, rather than allowing them to remain dependent on the government for provisions.

The welfare system is corrupted and needs a complete overall. Charity should come from non- profits not government. If people need help, give it to them, but it has to be checked and the mission should be to get people off of help.

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