##”Ag: ” [“Kr”] 4d^10 5s^1## Silver, ##”Ag”##, is located in period 5, group 11 of the , and has an equal to ##47##. This tells you that a neutral silver atom will have a total of ##47## electrons surrounding its nucleus. Now, you have to...
You find the ground state configuration of negative ions by continuing the filling order as for atoms and (with one exception) by reversing the order for positive ions. The of an atom or ion is the state in which all its electrons are in the...
Step I: Find valence e- for all atoms. H:1 C:4 N:5 Add the total number of e-, 1+4+5 = 10 Step II: Find octet e- for each atom. H:2 C:8 ...
If the reaction is carried out under standard conditions (unit concentrations and pressures) and at a temperature that corresponds to a table of thermodynamic values (usually 298.15 K), then you can subtract the standard Gibbs Free Energy of Formation (##DeltaG_f##) of the reactants from those...
Iron has 8 valence electrons. This is tricky! You need to have a firm grasp of what you are talking about when you use the term “.” For main-group elements, are the electrons in the outermost shell of the atom. But iron is a transition metal. Transition metals can...
A cation’s ability to distort the electron cloud of an anion. The idea behind the polarizing power of a cation on one hand, and the polarizability of an anion on the other, is that the bond formed when two ions are close to each other will...
Covalent bonds do not dissolve in water, but some do. When an ionic compound like NaCl dissolves in water, we end up with Na⁺ ions and Cl⁻ ions in solution. This is a dissolving process, because the original compound contained the same ions. When a covalent compound...
!! LONG ANSWER !! The theoretical yield of sulfur trioxide, or ##SO_3##, will be 285.0 mL, and the will be 61.16%. Start with the balanced chemical equation ##color(red)(2)SO_(2(g)) + O_(2(g)) -> color(red)(2)SO_(3(g))## Notice that you have a ##color(red)(2):1## between sulfur dioxide, ##SO_2##, and oxygen; this will...
Once you have identified the limiting reactant, you calculate how much of the other reactant it must have reacted with and subtract from the original amount. A Sandwich-Making Analogy This video from Noel Pauller uses the analogy of making sandwiches. The general problem Given the chemical equation and the...
The Pilgrims, in 1620 In 1543, Henry VIII created the Church of England and broke from the Catholic Church so that he could divorce his first wife and marry his second. With the creation of the Church of England, the next question became – what should it...